Q&A: Does Commission Change When a Family Member is the Buyer?

Q. We have our home listed with a REALTOR whom we feel has done a really good job for us in getting the house listed. The agent also has done a great dealing of advertising, has nice flyers etc. The house has been on the market for more than 4 months but we have not gotten any offers. Now we have what could be a good thing or it could be a problem. WE have been approached by a family member who wants to buy the house. We would like to sell it to them and can negotiate the terms between ourselves. Our question: Do we owe the full commission to the real estate agent who has the house listed since they did not technically find the buyer?

A. Most likely you owe the full commission to the company who has your home listed. As you presented the scenario it appears that the discussion with the family member only came up recently and therefore could not (or might not) have been discussed prior to you signing the listing contract.

The major consideration is what does your contract state:

a. About the amount of commission which will be paid?

b. About any ‘exceptions’ to that payment arrangement?

If you had known that a family member MIGHT be interested in buying your home, then you could have included in the contract a provision which excluded you from paying a commission if this SPECIFIC PERSON decided to purchase. Or you could have negotiated to pay a smaller percentage of commission to compensate the brokerage/agent for their work and expenses but something less than the full commission. The brokerage most likely would have insisted that the exclusion be for a set period of time, like 45 days. It would have been a matter of negotiation between you and the agent to determine what amount of commission and what amount of time worked for the two of you.

One of the core principles of issues related to housing is that it always comes down to ‘what does the contract state’. You can be held to the terms which you agreed to when you entered the arrangement.

What can you do now?

1. Read your contract so you know what it states. Are you prohibited from selling to anyone who has ‘viewed’ the home during the terms of the listing for a certain period of time AFTER the listing expires? (Most contracts have such a provision)
2. Ask your agent for a meeting to discuss your listing. Speak candidly about your situation and suggest a compromise of less than full commission.
3. If you get their agreement, then you need to have them put that in writing and get the signature of the broker who will ultimately be the party who is receiving less than the contract stipulated.

IF you are reading this and are considering listing your home, it would be wise to include an exclusion of anyone who has already expressed even minimal interest in your home, how long do they have to submit a contract and clearly state what amount of commission will still be due under the contract.

Selling to family members can be dicey (to say the least). I personally feel both of you still need the help of a real estate professional to work through the details and that you should expect to pay for that representation.

Best of luck with your home sale!

Host: Home Ownership Matters Preservation Center, Inc. www.HOMPCI.org

Copyright © 2010. All Rights Reserved. Mildred Wilkins Consulting, Inc.

WORD: Conditional Sales Contract (Land Contract)

Conditional Sales Contract—a contract utilized for the sale of real estate (or other goods) whereby the title remains with the seller until the terms of the contract, usually payment in full of the agreed amount. This kind of contract is commonly called a land contract if it refers to the purchase of real estate.

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

You can find more helpful definitions of WORDS like these in Your Real Estate Advisor which can be purchased at www.DovePublishingHouse.com.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

Q&A: Acquiring Real Estate with Tenants

Q: We have just bought an investment property which the seller lived in and rented out the other side. The seller has already agreed to vacate prior to closing but we do not know what to do abut the tenant. How do we get them out of the second unit?

A: Acquiring rental property which is currently occupied can be a good or a bad thing. Depends. I love that word. Depends.

Depends on:

1. Whether or not your contract says that the purchase is subject to the current tenant’s lease. What that means is: If their lease expires in 10 months, they belong to you and they stay for the next 10 months
2. If your contract states that their tenancy expires if there is a transfer of the real estate, then you have the RIGHT to get rid of them and we need to get to the “HOW”. But before we do, if they are good paying tenants, why don’t you want to keep them? Do you have other plans for the property which requires that they move? Did you forget to consider this before you started the buying process?
3. If you are not absolutely sure what your state law is concerning landlord-tenant rights, now would be an excellent time to check. And
4. Finally, if they will not leave nicely, and you really want them to go, then you will need to do a forceful eviction.

A forceful eviction should always be handled in accordance with state law. So don’t even suggest that is what you plan to do until you have read/studied the guidelines on what is required in your state.

The local sheriff’s department is an excellent place to start with a quick phone call to ask them what is the procedure, what forms are required, how much it costs, how much notice must you give, etc.

Additionally, they can probably direct you to the correct website to study up on this new aspect of your adventure as a new landlord.

P.S.
I almost forgot. You might consider offering them “CASH-for-Keys”. That’s a tidy little concept which is fast gaining popularity as a way to get folks out of foreclosed homes and could be used in this scenario as well.

“CASH for KEYS” is handy when you need someone to go away quickly, quietly and without leaving a mess. Simple—You offer cash as an incentive to vacate your property. How much cash depends on their needs and how badly you want them gone. Is it worth $1000 to have them out in 10 days? It is if the eviction process takes months and could cost you a lot. It is if the clean-out could cost you twice that amount or if they do damage on their way out as a way of getting back at you for a forceful eviction. Is it worth $500 if they leave in a month but agree to leave the home in good condition, promise to remove all trash and other debris and go away nicely?

As a Fannie Mae Broker-Specialist I was authorized to grant up to $1000.00 for ‘cash-for-keys’ provided you agreed to leave the home broom-swept, everything intact and you vacated by the time you said you would. Cash-for-keys is a reasonable request/offer when you have acquired real estate and need to remove the ‘body’ which remains. The amount is negotiable and should hinge on the size of house, time of year, how fast the home will be vacated, is the money required for a deposit on another property, moving expenses or other legitimate need to facilitate the ‘body’ disappearing.

General guidelines for cash-for-keys include:

1. A written agreement which states all the particulars—how much, to whom, by whom, what is expected, when will money be delivered
2. It must be signed by someone in authority with the agency who is offering the cash
3. You should assume that if you do not have a copy—you do NOT have an agreement
4. Terms of acceptability—home broom swept, all trash removed, etc.
5. Specific date and time these must be completed
6. Other details as the parties deem necessary

WARNING: Cash-for-Keys is a type of contract. Give it the respect of a contract. If you have entered into a cash-for-keys agreement (contract) you must honor all the terms as you agreed or you should expect NOT to receive the money. If you promised to vacate by 5 p.m. on Friday that is not the same as 8 a.m. on Saturday. I’m sorry, you lose.

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

Assessing HAMP a year later

H A M P—Home Affordable Loan Modification Program was discussed in detail yesterday. If you missed it, it would be valuable to read it before you read today's blog.

First, let’s analyze what has been accomplished under the program. The program was projected to reach over 4 million homeowners with much needed help to sustain home ownership. The end of the year report indicates that fewer than 100,000 have, in fact, been granted permanent (5 year permanent) mortgage modifications since the program was implemented in March, 2009. For those 100,000 or so, they see it as a success (even if they do feel 20 years older because of the process). I feel pretty sure that the other 3,900,000 would consider it a failure. The horror stories of run-arounds, and lost paperwork and so on and so forth defies explanation and even the most mild-mannered person can be pushed too far.

Why Has HAMP failed?

The simple reasons are that it was created without a clear understanding of how the bank world works (the role of the guarantor behind the loan) and some other critical components were just overlooked.

Capacity—The dilluge of consumers instantaneously seeking help totally overwhelmed servicing shops who were already stretched past capacity because of defaults. Without funding for the hiring and training for substantial increases in staff to handle the flood of requests for help, the plan was doomed to be as ineffective as history has shown it to be. Individual lenders have sent PR teams across the country to talk about the way they handle modifications, but I am talking about a massive, organized, on-going effort to train the staff within the lender shops what was expected from the government and how the program was to be implemented. For a simple look at the capacity issue—I have folks tell me all the time, “You should be offering this and you should be doing that and why aren’t you answering questions online from individual borrowers?” I look at them like they’re crazy. HOM is a small company with 3 employees and the company’s income is generated almost exclusively from speaker fees. You want production equilvalent to a large company but you are not offering any funding or staffing just creating more jobs. The NEED for something does not translate into the CAPACITY to provide it without resources which include funding and personnel. HAMP did not adequately address the capacity to get the job done.

Resources—The expectation that only HUD approved housing agencies or similar non-profits should be the ONLY endorsed sources for help totally belies the fact that the program was designed for borrowers with mortgage balances up to $725,000 and non-profits primarily restrict their services to folks who earn less than middle income. Hence, no provision for a referral to anyone if you are not at the lowest end of the income spectrum. Worse, a condemnation (by our President no less) of any organization which offers help for a fee (to middle and upper income borrowers who are looking for such help). This major oversight means there were no guidelines, training, or criteria established for this needed service and YES, some vultures stepped in to fill the gap. California now has some pretty strong anti-vulture legislation which pushed most of the loan modification businesses there out of business, and not a day too soon for many of borrowers who have found that un-trained and un-regulated help can lead to a diastrous outcome.

Non-Profit Push Back

I understand that I am inviting non-profits to yell at me but before you start yelling to defend your position as the only people who care—What is your current back log? How many more people could you see? Is your staff already maxed out? Have all of your counselors received substantial modification and foreclosure law education in your state? Do you offer a sliding scale so any homeowner, any income level has access to your services? What is your success rate with completed modifications? Are borrowers re-defaulting within a few months? If the answer to any of those questions is yes, this indicate you are already serving your maximum capacity (and I am informed enough to know that most are). Stop arguing that help should ONLY be available to those whom you serve and embrace the idea that all borrowers, all income levels deserve to have representation to help them with the crazy world of banking. Businesses which have trained staff, operated ethically, with sufficient government regulations and appropriate bonds in place could go a long way to easing the foreclosure problem which continues to plague this county and will for the next several years. The time has come for the creation of Foreclosure Intervention Services—For Hire, as respectable businesses, listed in the phone book right next to non-profits as a resource for struggling borrowers. Repeat after me—Prohibition did not stop folks from getting alcohol—it just made the bootleg market prosper. When are we going to learn? Where there is a need—a provider will emerge.

Program Lacked Basic Understanding of the Bank World

It was a VOLUNTARY program. Lenders were not required to participate. In fact, they could NOT be forced to participate. It is not possible to force someone to alter the terms of a contractual agreement AFTER the fact. It doesn’t matter that the entity trying to compel cooperation was the US government. Mortgages are legally binding contracts. Lenders already had not only the contract with the borrower, but contracts with the investor, the guarantor, the hedge fund, and so on. The performance of one contract impacted several other contracts and therefore made it nearly impossible to make a significant change to the original contract (the mortgage) because of the cascading impact on all the other contracts which had grown out of the securitization of the underlying contract. Formulating a plan without a clearcut understanding of the securitization process was a major misstep in trying to implement HAMP.

Motivation Insufficient

Beyond the securitization problem, the issue of sufficient motivation to modify made the challenge almost insurmountable. While many would argue that the lenders were paid for their cooperation, that argument fails to address what they would receive by NOT cooperating. Now lenders are going to be mad when I state emphatically that they receive MORE to foreclose than they do to modify. How could that be you ask. Lenders lose money DURING the default process: they must pay the investor as agreed, incur expenses associated with the servicing of the loan, work to avoid having a lien placed against the property for failure to pay homeowners’ association dues, cover the cost of insurance to avoid an uninsured loss, etc, etc. All of these are out-of-pocket expenses—UNTIL a foreclosure is completed. Then, on ALL insured loans, which is MOST of them, the lender recoups many of the expenses which they have put out and collect the amount of the insurance on the loan. It is true that they will seldom get back the missed payments (that remains a loss to them) but the other expenses are usually reimbursable expenses. If you’ve wondered why it seems that the lender is not really trying to work with you, simply consider they need the process to be over, so a claim can be filed.

HAFA—A New Program announced on November 30, 2009 will be addressed next week.

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

WORD: Anticipatory Breach

And the WORD for Today is:

Anticipatory Breach – occurs when one party to a contract informs the other party, before performance is due, that they do not intend to perform as obligated under the contract. Legal action may be brought for anticipatory breach even though the original contract (not yet due for performance) has not been breached. An example: a buyer of real estate informs the seller prior to the scheduled closing date that they have decided not to close. The buyer could be found liable for failure to perform.

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

You can find more helpful definitions of WORDS like these in Your Real Estate Advisor which can be purchased at www.DovePublishingHouse.com.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

Q&A: Mutual Release

Q. It seems to me that the seller of a property is protected from the buyer changing their mind and not moving forward with the transaction because of the earnest money which has been put down on the house. What protects the buyer from buyer remorse?

A. Contracts are legally binding

Terms of the contract cover whether or not the buyer can walk away due to inspection issues or if they fail to get mortgage approval or if the property does not appraise for a figure high enough to satisfy the buyer’s lender.

Earnest money as a deterrent

While the earnest money may be a deterrent to the buyer wanting to walk away from a transaction, the earnest money is being held in escrow and will not be released to either party unless both parties agree OR a court has made a determination of which party is entitled to the earnest money. So… in effect, both buyer and seller are protected unless and until they enter into a mutual release.

Multiple Purpose document

The mutual release is a wonderful, multi-purpose document. Its primary purpose is to get people out of a contractual agreement with the assurance that all parties are satisfied (enough) and will not bring any kind of legal action against any other party to the contract. We will all go home, forget we were ever involved in a contract with you and we will NOT call our attorneys next week (or ever).

Many real estate firms will use two specific mutual release forms; one tailored to things associated with the listing and one tailored to the purchase side of the transaction. It is also possible to use a GENERIC mutual release which has boxes so the appropriate reason can be selected from a list or a space for the specific reason in this case to be printed in.

Common Mutual Release Scenarios

The mutual release in real estate may be used to end the agreement when:

a. Inspection issues cannot be resolved, the transaction is stalled, agreement cannot be reached and closing is no longer desired. This is a very common occurrence in real estate transactions.

Form—Mutual release to the Purchase agreement

b. Seller needs to withdraw the property, for good reason, such as a family emergency.

Form: Mutual release to the Listing agreement

c. The buyer’s financing has fallen through, therefore, they are unable to close

Form: Mutual release to the Purchase agreement

A declaration of what happens to the earnest money would be stipulated in the mutual release.

A mutual release is a protection for all parties from future liability. I strongly recommend that you make every effort to reach a compromise and then translate that agreement into a mutual release—Signed by all parties to the transaction.

Good luck on dealing with the issues which are currently more pressing!

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

So, you think you want to become an REO Broker?

Get ‘Em Listed and Roll in the Dough…

It happens every time I teach a class (and I just had an (FIS) class in Charleston last week). Several of my students will get all fired up about becoming a listing agent handling REO’s as the fast track to real estate success. Even though the class is (and is advertised as such) designed to help REALTORS learn how to be successful with options to AVERT foreclosures, someone always attends for the SPECIFIC purpose of meeting me and having me tell them the short cut to becoming a Fannie Mae broker or a representative for some other REO account. Aside from the fact that that is not the purpose of the training, there will always be someone who is persistent in trying to move conversation in that direction.

This article is for you—you know who you are.

Ah-h-h, the Cushy Life of an REO listing agent

I’ve been there, done that, got the T-shirt AND the award. I received the 1st Rising Star Award as Rookie Broker of Year for the United States from Fannie Mae in 2000. They were right on target with their assessment; my star has been rising, (also drifting, getting lost and other mundane contortions) ever since. Oh, but I digress.

The truth is that my Fannie Mae experience was, overall, a really good one. I received excellent training at the Disposition Center in Dallas, and great support from my initial salesperson, Shirley Mastenbrook. I learned how to effectively price property based on a precise analysis of market data and I sold a heck of a lot of Fannie Mae homes. My sales volume and income both increased dramatically. However, my life, as I knew it, completely disappeared. It’s emotionally devastating to process a forceful eviction. To be the person who stands there and officially authorizes someone to be thrown out of their home. Being property manager extraordinaire is an emotionally draining and time-consuming gig.

It’s a New Day

The REO market is booming and in some areas there are more REO’s available than traditional listings. Loss mitigation efforts, including modification and short sale attempts, have slowed the number of completed foreclosures even though the number is still unbelievably high. However, the amount of ‘shadow’ inventory (REO’s being held by guarantors and NOT being placed on the market) is estimated to be a significant amount and must eventually be placed on the open market.

Market dynamics are rapidly evolving. A new mixture of guidelines for disposition changing in response to market conditions and/or government regulations, recommendations or directives and REO owners all serve to make today’s REO broker’s job a very challenging one. The practicalities of good business decisions shaping what will or can be during the time period the REO is under the control of the guarantor or lender is fluid. When you own or manage a few properties you can be almost casual about how you dispose of them. When you own thousands upon thousands, stacked on top of each other, you have to utilize a more systematic, inventive approach in reducing those expenses which revert to you and become vigilant in avoiding any expenses you can. Utilization of a strong contract, with strict adherence to its dictates can mean survival or failure to survive. Whether expenses are moved to listing agents, buyer’s agents or buyers is immaterial; what is important is that anything which can be shifted to someone else, be shifted. The list is growing—now even eviction costs have been added to the list of costs which can be shifted to someone else.

Flies in the Ointment

Nothing messes up a good plan faster than messy details. It should not cause you concern if the dollar amount tied to a detail is a small number, with only two place holders, like $99.00. It gets serious when the numbers are BIG numbers, with 3 or more placeholders, say $475.00 for instance.

Likewise, phrases such as “shall maintain the premises” are not a big deal, unless the premises include a pool or some other high maintenance component. Assuming the responsibility to maintain can keep a person awake at night better than a crying baby. Didn’t they explain that ‘handle utilities’ meant that ‘deposits when required’ would come from your checking account? I suggest you re-check your account balance to be sure you can AFFORD to be an REO listing broker. It’s good business, if you can get it—provided you are sure you understand what you are signing up for.

Re-imbursement is on the Way

**Insignificant detail—To be delivered by deranged carrier pigeon who will be dispatched later this year.

I am not throwing snipes at Fannie Mae. They did an excellent job of processing reimbursements and doing so in a timely fashion based on the criteria they had set for their agents. However, things could be dicey IF you forgot to submit invoices on time. REO sellers are SERIOUS about their deadlines. You miss it; you eat it!!! No equivocating. You agreed and said you understood, this is a business, not a game for newbies who want to play at REO sales. Suck it up, write the check and remember to check due dates more carefully in the future. If you want to depress me, e-mail me and ask about the $15,000.00 I had to shell out after missing a few deadlines—it doesn’t take long for carpet and paint to run into some serious money. BIG numbers, with five place holders—like $15,000.00.

REO’s can be LEASED

Awesome plan! Announced by Freddie Mac in January of ‘09 and Fannie Mae in November of ‘09. This is the deal. Both organizations were (and remain) concerned with the increasingly large inventory of foreclosed properties as well as the public perception that they are not doing all they can to help alleviate the problem. Both have begun lease-back programs so that either the former owner of the property or a tenant placed there by the owner can lease the home back—AFTER foreclosure.

In a nutshell, the Freddie plan is a month-to-month lease, at current market rent. The property will be on the market during that timeframe and the new BUYER assumes responsibility for the eviction process and related costs to get the occupant out of their new home.

The Fannie Mae plan is essentially the same, except that it allows for a one year lease period. If you are the REO broker for either of these guarantors you have the honor of explaining the particulars and the implications to a buyer’s agent. What appears to be a win-win for Fannie or Freddie and the occupant can become a nightmare for the agents involved and a potential purchaser. The magnitude of unintended consequences is enough to make my hair go straight (and I have a very short, curly Afro). I suggest you take a crash course in landlord-tenant law in your state. Additionally, please check to be sure your E&O Insurance premiums are current.

Would I do it again?

The truth is, I might be tempted because of the guaranteed revenue stream. The reality, however, is the same as the prospect of teaching middle school kids: someone has to do it but I am not that hard up yet. Having sold REO’s for 2 ½ years, very successfully, I can see how dramatically the terrain has changed. Today’s REALTOR has a lot more risk, many more potential ‘bosses’, and fewer clear guidelines in an arena which mimics the wild, wild west pretty closely. Training by the companies who select agents is almost non-existent. The entire process is further complicated by the fact that you are stepping into situations like the landlord scenario I mentioned in the paragraph above.

For agents who decide this is still the route you wish to pursue, I’d like to share some thoughts on making an informed decision.

The Five Star Conference, complete with training institute, offers just what you need—but the entire cost for that training will be at your own expense. The timing of the annual event may not coincide with when you want to get started and there are numerous other challenges to concern yourself with as well. Learn how to perform a professional BPO (www.fanniemaebpo.com) so that you are really good at determining property value PRIOR to the listing. Additionally, it might be beneficial for you to read the actual contract used by the guarantor you think you want to represent. I am suggesting that you read both the listing agency contract (which you and your broker will need to sign) and the contract which you will provide to buyers/buyer’s agents. You can learn a lot about the firm you will be working for by studying the documents which will bind you to them.

REO sellers do not all require the same level of service

It is important that you pre-determine what type of REO listing agent you want to be: an agent who only lists properties (such as HUD homes) without an obligation to handle utilities, etc – or does property management to a degree (Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac) or offers an even broader range of services such as rehab, keeping utilities in your name and a full menu of other services. Then only seek or accept listings from an REO seller whose needs mesh with those services which you are willing to perform.

I would caution you to avoid seeing the REO business as something you will just ‘tack on’ to the rest of your business. Most REO sellers are very demanding. Their volume is growing faster than mushrooms and a huge quantity of ‘shadow’ inventory is just waiting to be released. It would be wise to see this as a major part of your business and to make a decision based on whether you were prepared or willing to shift and become primarily an REO seller’s agent if this is the path you chose. If you do well, the volume will definitely follow. If you do poorly because you cannot handle unexpected volume, they will drop you like a hot potato and never speak to you again. They take “failure to perform” very seriously.

I would encourage you to talk to some agents who have listed REO’s within the past 18 months. Sit down with them over dinner (your treat) and ask for an honest analysis of those things which they see as problematic.

Your final question to them should be: “What is the worst thing that could happen?” Consider their answer. If you can live with the worst thing that could happen, then go for it.

Best of luck in the REO world.

Happy to be a “Former Fannie Mae Broker”

Copyright © 2009, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

Short Sale Fast Facts for Consumers

Short Sale Fast FACTS for Consumers

1. Short Sale could be your solution—but it has some pitfalls

Get informed and Get started

2. Short Sale is an Option Not a RIGHT

You will need to “qualify” for the option to dispose of the house by using a short sale.

Most lenders use the same basic criteria—what I call the “Universal Hardship Test”

• Was the default ‘trigger’ something beyond your control
• Did the trigger lead to an increase in expenses or a decrease in income?
• Are you still an occupant in the home secured by the loan?
• Have you depleted all of your assets available to make mortgage payments?
• Are you willing to pull together the documents required by the lender/guarantor to determine if they believe you qualify for a workout?
• If there is a co-borrower, are both parties committed to this workout attempt?

3. Finding a competent REALTOR could be difficult

A short sale is a Speciality transaction. You need to find a

REALTOR who:

• Works full-time—yes, even in today’s climate
• Is experienced in short sales (means they closed)
• Is familiar with your area and price point
• Whom you feel comfortable with
• Who is able to demonstrate to you what the value of your home is compared to similar homes in the neighborhood
• Has the ability to effectively market your home
• Is pleased to share with you that they have had specialized training in Short Sales (I mentioned this last, because if they haven’t mentioned by now, it is because they don’t have any—Not a good sign)

4. You can list the home for short sale—BEFORE the lender approves the

short sale—

**As long as you indicate that “all offers are subject to lender approval” This should be included on your listing contract, on the seller disclosure form and within the comments on the MLS sheet

**You can’t ACCEPT and CLOSE without the lender’s approval but you don’t have to wait to get started. Why not start today? Is your house ready? Do you have the documents needed for the hardship package?

5. Might leave you with a deficiency—which could be used to get a judgment against you

Negotiate to get the lender to agree to “waive their right to a deficiency judgment” as part of the short sale approval letter.

You should NEVER assume that because the lender agreed to the short sale that they have waived their right to pursue you for the shortage.

If it’s not in writing—signed by an authority—you should expect them to pursue you for the shortage.

6. Foreclosure process—will most likely continue, even while you have the house on the market for sale

FHA loans which are subject to HUD regulations—require that the foreclosure process STOP while the home is marketed for short sale

Foreclosure action continues on ALL other loan types

7. Listing Termination—can be mandated by your lender when you are in default

The Lender is not a party to the listing contract and you might logically assume that therefore they had no say so about what does or does not happen with the attempt to sell your home.

Unfortunately, you would be mistaken.

Government guarantors, HUD, VA, USDA, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Rural Development have the right under Federal regulations to compel you to withdraw the listing IF:

You are cooperating with showing the property as a show of ‘good faith’

Title issues are uncovered which would prevent the transfer to a new buyer

The condition of the property is such that a sale is unlikely

You have failed to comply with request for information to determine your eligibility for a workout. Remember: This is an Option, not a RIGHT.

8. Second Liens can present a challenge—also known as a ‘stumbling block’

Second lien holders seldom initiate foreclosure; they block short sales all the time with their obstinacy. You cannot transfer real estate to a new buyer when there is a second lien holder without their cooperation.

They must either:

a. Release the lien

b. ‘Lift’ the lien and permit the closing

Usually they can be enticed to do one of these things, preferably the first. Many will accept a token payment as a settlement for the obligation if foreclosure is imminent and they stand to get nothing after the lien is wiped out. Other they may agree to an unsecured loan in exchange for

their cooperation.

Your lender may make a contribution toward getting this second released, especially if you have a government backed loan. Their regulations have a stipulated amount set aside for this purpose. Get your facts and get going.

9. Tax Implications—Didn’t Your REALTOR mention that?

When there is a deficiency (difference between what you owe on the house and what the new buyer is willing to pay for it) you are taxed on that amount as though you received it as a gift.

IRS rules require that the lender provide this information directly to IRS for tax purposes.

You should NEVER assume that because the lender agreed to the short sale that they have waived their right

10. Now about signing those papers…….WAIT

I believe strongly that the seller of a property which is upside down would do well to pretend their fingers are broken once they have signed the listing contract and seller disclosure form until Mr. Smitherman, the supervisor at the bank, has:

a. Approved their short sale, with all continguences

b. Given them permission in writing to sign something

As a trainer, I take the position that ‘lender approval’ means getting the lender’s approval before you agree to anything with a potential buyer.

That means do not sign a purchase agreement, no matter what contingency clauses have been included by a so-called sharp REALTOR. Do not sign a counter offer. I said, ‘pretend your fingers are broken until the supervisor at the bank tells you to sign something.

If you sign BEFORE he tells you to, you are agreeing to terms which he has not yet agreed to. You cannot perform (or deliver the deed to the house) without his agreement. He may:

a. Select a difference ‘potential purchaser’

b. Counter and ask for a lot more money

c. Go ahead and foreclose, then you have nothing to sell.

Don’t get ahead of the bank. “Lender approval required” means the bank gets to decide everything: to whom we will sell, and for what amount, on what terms. Don’t allow yourself to be lulled into thinking it’s okay to make an agreement and then get his approval. That is risky business. Remember, your fingers are broken.

Please share today’s blog with someone you know who is struggling and not sure what steps to take next.

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

From the Desk of: REO Landmines

Let’s start with the basics: REO (real estate owned) refers to real estate which is owned by entities such as lenders, servicers or corporations. There are several ways property becomes REO but most often it is through default of the borrower who is either foreclosed upon or voluntarily relinquishes the property through deed-in-lieu. Corporations also become entitled if they acquired the home as part of an employee relocation package buyout.

Whatever mechanism resulted in the acquisition, a piece of real estate is now owned by an entity who needs to sell it. A special division, either called the REO or disposition division, is usually charged with the task of turning REO properties into liquid assets. As the foreclosure problem worsens the percentage of homes on the local market for sale which are, in fact, REO’s has increased. Strategies for dealing with the holders of these properties are somewhat different than purchasing from a private citizen. Those differences can be looked at as potential landmines if you are not familiar with the process.

Landmine # 1. Most REO properties are sold using a standardized contract which will be used throughout the nation. (for instance, HUD, Fannie Mae, VA). The language and terms in these contracts will supersede anything you write in your local purchase agreement, therefore, it is critical that you understand all the language in their standard contract.

Landmine # 2. Most REO properties are sold “as is”. While entities must allow for an independent inspection if one is allowed by state law, there is no requirement that any repairs be made as a result of the inspection.

Landmine # 3. Buyer are frequently charged a per day fee for delays in closing caused by their side of the transaction. Whether caused by the borrower, their lender or the realtor does not matter. It is not uncommon for the delay fee to be $100.00 per day.

Landmine # 4. Transfer of title will usually be granted with a special warranty deed or a Sheriff’s deed. Both provide a MARKETABLE title; not a CLEAR title. It is common for liens to remain attached.

Landmine # 5. When submitting an offer on an REO property, you buy the whole “kit and kaboodle.” What’s in the “kaboodle.”

Copyright 2007, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(As always, if you have any questions, comments or feedback, we welcome and appreciate them. Just e-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com. Thanks for reading, and come back soon to see what else we've posted!)

Q&A: Getting Out of a Listing

Q. I like my REALTOR® and believe she is doing everything she can to get my home sold. I have had my home listed for 3 months and unfortunately, because of a family emergency I need to take the home off the market. What do I need to do to “un-list” it?

A. From time to time it becomes desirable or necessary to cancel a listing prior to the expiration of the time frame which has been agreed upon. Most brokerage firms and REALTORS® would probably be very understanding if the reason was a family emergency rather then the seller simply changing their mind about the agent or about selling the property.

Everything has a process

If the Brokerage/REALTOR® are agreeable to releasing you from the listing contract, then both you, your REALTOR® and her broker will need to sign a mutual release which will release all parties from further obligations.

Minimal fee clause

I recommend that you check your listing contract to see if you agreed to a minimal fee in the event of an early termination. Some real estate contracts now include such a provision to address the possibility which now faces you. The brokerage/REALTOR® have spent money on advertising the property for the 3 months of the listing and it is not unreasonable that they would want to be compensated for those expenses.

You would be prohibited from selling the property to anyone who has viewed it during the listing period because the agent would be seen as the procuring cause. But I understand your reason is NOT to avoid selling or to get rid of or go around this specific agent, it is just a matter of BAD TIMING.

Best of luck with the required release.

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

Myth #4

Myth #4: That you are entitled to the amount of commission which is stated on your listing contract, even when the home is being sold as a short sale.

Reality: Maybe you are; maybe you’re not. Most importantly, can the person who signed the listing contract afford to pay the commission if the new purchaser does not offer enough to cover all closing expenses, including commission.

Reason: If there is the need for a short pay-off, most often EVERYTHING which can legally be compromised will be; including commission.

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(Please e-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments, or concerns you might have. We appreciate all feedback, comments, and especially your questions. Don't be shy!)

Fast Fact: Short Sale Denial

Too many folks have unrealistic expectations concerning a possible short sale. While it is now pretty common knowledge that lots of homes are “upside down” or “under water” most consumers (and too many REALTORS) don’t really understand how a short sale listing works.

FACT: The lender must approve a short sale in order for there to be a “closing”. Frequently the lender DOES NOT approve a short sale attempt and the homeowner eventually loses the home to foreclosure.

REALITY: When an agent lists a home for ‘possible short sale’ that listing is always based upon getting the approval of the lender to accept a shortfall if the new buyer will not pay enough to pay off the mortgage in full and pay all related expenses (commission, taxes, etc). All parties need to understand that it is a possible real estate transaction where the homeowner does not have the final say so about whether or not the offer being presented is or will be acceptable to the bank. There are numerous reasons why a lender may ultimately choose not to approve a possible short sale. Some are connected to the seller but the issue could just as easily be a second lien holder who refuses to budge on the amount needed to lift or satisfy their lien again the home. Or the lender could decide that they are not willing to accept the terms of the offer, as written. The possibilities could fill a rubix cube.


Several precautions are advised for sellers who are upside down:

a. All offers submitted to your agent should first be forwarded to your lender for their consideration. (That’s what “lender approval” means.)
b. Sellers would be ill-advised to sign a purchase agreement to sell the home to Mr./Mrs. Smith PRIOR to receiving, in writing, approval to do so.
c. Sellers should be aware that if you ignore item #b above (because your agent said you had to) and you agree to sell for $159,00 and your bank eventually says that you can close for $$175,000, you have a few thousand dollars to find real quick. (I suggest you get your agent to help you FIND the money since they gave you the advice).

The point is this; if you sign a legally binding contract which the bank later declines; you still signed a contract agreeing to sell your home for a specific amount. You can be sued by the potential buyer for “failure to perform”.

You were warned!

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

Your Real Estate Advisor: Don't You Quit

As I was driving back to Florida the other day I decided to listen to a tape which had been given to me by a new acquaintance a couple of weeks before which I had not yet taken the opportunity to play. I had been having one of ‘those weeks’ where most of the stuff that can go wrong had decided to go wrong. The compressor went out on the car, the check I needed yesterday had not arrived and the contract due last week was still not in my company’s mailbox. I wasn’t exactly depressed but I wasn’t exactly uplifted either.

Encourage yourself

The song which changed my perspective was saying “sometimes you have to encourage yourself.” “Sometimes you have to give yourself a pat on the back.” It did NOT advocate call somebody, wait on somebody, hope somebody will come along and lift you up. It emphatically said, ‘do it yourself.’ I found that exceedingly powerful. Too often we are looking to some outside force to help us to make it when what we really need is to turn inward, find the inner strength which we all have and ‘encourage ourselves’.

Don’t you quit!

One of my favorite poems since I discovered poetry while still a child is “Don’t You Quit”. The first verse is printed below. Remember it, hold fast and know that IF you hold on and remember to /tie a knot/ you can weather most storms and live to fight again another day. Be encouraged and remember:

Don’t You Quit

When things go wrong, as they sometimes will,

When the road you are trudging seems all up hill,

When the funds are low and the debts are high,

And you want to smile, but you have to sigh,

When care is pressing you down a bit,

Rest if you must—but don’t you quit.

--Author unknown

I hope you are encouraged today, no matter what you are facing, to continue the struggle. We may not get what we had hoped for but if we refuse to quit we will certainly attain some satisfaction in knowing that we accomplished more than we would have had we caved. Encourage yourself and refuse to give in.

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

WORD: Misrepresentation

And the WORD for Today Is...

Misrepresentation – refers to a statement or conduct by a person which represents to another something as though it was factual, which is not true. Someone who is obligated to disclose certain known information but fails to do so is also guilty of misrepresentation. For instance, a seller, broker or builder may be required by law to disclose certain information, including defects to a potential buyer. Failure to disclose is misrepresentation. Misrepresentation may be deliberate (known to be wrong), negligent (should have known) or innocent (reasonably believed to be true). Whether or not a suit for damages or other recourse such as rescission of a contract can be brought by the buyer will depend on the facts and the extent of the misrepresentation. It is not uncommon for punitive action to be brought against the broker including the possibility of losing their license to practice real restate. While federal laws provide for privacy concerning personal information, practitioners should keep abreast of state laws, which apply to disclosure of information pertinent to buyers. State seller disclosure laws are in place in most states as well as other laws which licensees should be careful to explain to their sellers. Additionally, changes in the real estate climate, such as short sale transactions, have created the need for new disclosures.

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

You can find more helpful definitions of WORDS like these in Your Real Estate Advisor which can be purchased at www.DovePublishingHouse.com.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

Q&A: Listing agent to help me buy

Q. Last week while visiting open houses, I found a house which I really, really like and want to purchase. The listing agent has been very helpful and since I don’t have an agent, she is encouraging me to go ahead and let her help me with the purchase before someone else gets it. Is it a good idea to let the listing agent represent me as well?

A. Agency is the relationship you establish when you select or engage someone to represent you. It is a legal arrangement where you become the principal and they, as your agent has a responsibility to protect your interests in helping you complete a transaction. It is implicit in this agreement that they have a fiduciary responsibility to put your interests first.

Dual agency

The situation you are asking about is commonly called dual agency, where one party represents both people. It is entirely legal, but can become complicated. The agent must disclose to both clients the existence of the other client (get you to sign a paper which says you understand and are comfortable with this arrangement). The legal requirement addresses the issue of appropriate disclosure; it does not address the issue of human nature. Human nature is such that most of us are going to choose between two individuals one of them whom we like a little better or for some reason feel a little closer to and work harder to get what they want out of a situation. In addition, in a house purchase, the listing agent has a relationship FIRST with the sellers. Even if there is an agreement to treat all parties fairly, if there is a major inspection issue (for instance) it is likely to be harder for the agent to press the people who listed with her to spend the necessary money when they already have an accepted price. On the other hand, if you had selected a buyer’s agent whose only responsibility is to represent you, then your agent can fight aggressively for having the repair done since they have NO connection to nor consideration for the seller.

Limited or dual agency is very popular with many agents who contend there does not have to be a conflict and they can handle any conflict which arises.

I disagree and believe that while dual agency may be legal, it is fraught with the opportunity for a buyer to receive less than full representation. The major fringe benefit for agents is that dual agency comes with dual paychecks. When I sold real estate, I declined dual agency unless it was an inter-family transaction where they simply needed a competent agent to process the transaction but they were already in agreement about the details.

I will never forget one transaction where I had the listing and my client did NOT understand why I did not want to represent a buyer who wanted her property. I explained dual agency and the problem which that MIGHT create. I told her I wanted her house to sell but I did not want to represent the buyer.

She took that to mean I didn’t think much of her house (which was a reflection of her lack of self esteem and lack of understanding of agency as I had explained it to her). Her house appeared to be in excellent condition, very well kept, neat, clean. Roughly a $65,000 starter home in Indianapolis. I would not have listed it had I not felt comfortable with its presentation and my ability to sell it. We get the house under contract with a young woman who had wanted me to represent her as well since she did not have an agent when she first looked at the property during an open house. I had insisted she had to go find another REALTOR since I would only represent the listing side.

Her inspection uncovered a major leak in the attic which required a full roof replacement for FHA financing. Neither my seller nor I had any idea there was a problem with the roof since there had not yet been a leak inside the house, but here we are with an accepted offer, scheduled to close in two weeks. She is looking at an outlay of more than $4,000 to put on a new roof which would eat up almost every penny which she expected to get from the proceeds AND she didn’t have the funds to do it in advance. We tried to negotiate to get the buyer to increase her purchase price, to no avail. My seller was unwilling to move forward to closing at the agreed price AND shell out the funds for the roof. We did not close because she could not (chose not) to correct the problem. I supported her position. I felt she had a legitimate position. She somehow felt that if I had represented the buyer I could have made her accept the house without the roof replacement and that I had cost her the sale. She did NOT relist with me.

I am sharing that I refused to participate in dual agency and still lost the transaction and some agents reading this will say I should have represented both of them. I am more convinced than I was before that transaction began that the worse possible situation for me would have been representing both of these women—essentially AGAINST each other—over a $4,000 roof issue.

In real life, too often agents do press one party to go ahead when they run in a scenario similar to the one above. When they do so, they fail to pass the test of integrity and do a disservice to the real estate industry and the clients whom they profess to represent. The general public has significantly less regard for all real estate salespeople, including REALTORS, than they did 10-12 years ago. We have lost their respect as a profession because of the multitude of agents who do not adhere to the standards which had placed us in such high regards just a mere 20 years ago.

Agents: Will you be part of the move toward professionalism? Integrity? Respect?

Consumers: Will you become better educated about what you should expect from your agent and then demand that they provide a level of service which you are comfortable with?

You’re paying for it, you deserve no less!

Copyright © 2009, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

WORD: Contingency Clause and Contingency Fee

And the WORDS for Today are...

Contingency Clause – refers to a clause which may be written into a purchase agreement which basically says “we will move forward with the purchase once the contingency we identified has been satisfied or removed.”

Contingency Fee – any fee for services provided where the fee is only payable if there is a favorable result.

Contingency fees are fees which are to be paid only in the event of an occurrence in the future. For instance, a real estate broker’s fee is paid only if the listed property is sold or leased. (An exception could be included in the contract that allows some other payment arrangement.) A great example of contingency fees are the fees charged by attorneys who handle negligence (or similar) lawsuits which are not due to be paid unless the attorney wins the suit and damages are collected.

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

You can find more helpful definitions of WORDS like these in Your Real Estate Advisor which can be purchased atwww.DovePublishingHouse.com.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)

Q&A: Signing Documents

Q. Signing Documents

My wife and I purchased a home a month ago and we have not felt good about the whole deal from the time we left the closing. The lender we used had told us that we would have to pay points to get the rate down so we could afford the payment and we agreed to that. The problem is that when we got to the closing, the amount they had on the loan documents was a lot higher than what we had been told earlier by our lender. The title company said there was nothing they could do about it and that we just had to sign the papers? Is that true? We felt trapped, had all our stuff packed and felt we had no choice except to go ahead. Now we are not so sure. Did we make a mistake and if so, what can we do about it now?

A. The answers to your questions, in the order in which you asked them are: No. No. Yes and Probably not much.

Let’s talk about your problem which, unfortunately, happens all the time to folks. I will address first this specific situation and then the general problem of papers which don’t match up to what you had been led to believe would be included.

It is the responsibility of a title company to handle all the details of the closing in accordance with state law and in compliance with the details in the contract signed by the seller and the buyer. In addition, the title company is obligated to accept instructions from the lender for many details associated with the closing. Those details include what forms should be in the closing package what amounts should be inserted in all the documents related to money, etc. SO, when the title company said there was nothing they can do, what they meant was, “There is nothing we can do UNLESS the bank gives us some other instructions.”

When you are closing a real estate transaction the title company is the facilitator for that transaction. For a large percentage of closings, the title company has no relationship with either party and is simply being paid to process the paper work and assure that it is a transaction which was properly and legally handled. But there are times when the title company is, in fact, an agent for a party to the transaction. This is called dual agency. This means they are working for one specific party to the deal. This is most common if you are buying a new construction home and the title company is the company picked by the builder (sometimes owned by the builder) to handle all their transactions.

In addition, if the home you are buying is a bank-owned home, then the title company is, in fact, working for the owner of the foreclosed property (whether that is a lender, servicer or insurer/investor). SO, when the title company said there was nothing they could do, what they meant was “There is nothing we can change UNLESS we get different instructions from our principal (the lender/servicer/insurer).

Did you make a mistake? I have to tell you that you did. It probably doesn’t make you feel a lot better to know that almost everyone makes the same mistake.

THE MISTAKE: Believing that because someone presented you with papers that you must sign them. You DO NOT have to sign them. No, you can not go ahead with the transaction unless you sign them, but that also means that the other people can’t get what they want either. If you insist that the papers have to be changed to what you were told before (especially if you have a good faith estimate which documents the amounts you should be paying) then there is a very strong chance that the lender will change their instructions to the title company, the papers will be changed accordingly and then all of you can re-convene in order to close the deal.

This is almost certainly not going to happen this afternoon. But it can happen. It is worth holding out for. It is worth making everyone else uncomfortable until you get the deal you were told you would be getting.

Is there anything you can do now? I doubt it because you signed all the papers. You used your most prized possession and endorsed yourself into a pickle. You can hold on to the lesson you learned, share it with others and promise yourself to never again sign documents which you don’t clearly understand or which do not correspond to the agreement with the other party.

JUST DON’T DO IT!

© Copyright 2009, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All rights Reserved. "Answer Book in a Foreclosure Climate" by Mildred Wilkins, available in 2009 from www.DovePublishingHouse.com.

(Please e-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments, or concerns you might have. We appreciate all feedback, comments, and especially your questions. Don't be shy!)

Q&A: Promised Perks

Q.  I am not quite sure whether or not I have a legal problem but I think I got shafted and I want to know what to do about it. I recently bought a new house and the real estate agent promised me a cash rebate as well as a bonus from the builder if I purchased. I was supposed to receive these as soon as I closed. The rebate and bonus were not mentioned at the closing and now the agent refuses to talk to me. What should I do and how do I get the money I was promised?

A: Well, let’s see. You were promised a cash rebate and a bonus which appear to be outside the scope of the “official” or legal transaction since you did not receive the money as part of the closing on the home you purchased.

I am very carefully saying here that the promises made to you do not appear to be legal. Kickbacks seldom are. Trying to enforce an illegal promise could get a little dicey.

When you purchase a home (including new construction) the purpose of the lender’s appraisal is to be sure that:

a. The home is at least worth what they are about to loan you to acquire it.

b. That no amount in excess of the value of the home is being financed

For example, that you are not financing a house worth only $400,000 with a loan of, say $425,000 to allow enough money left from the lender’s funds to give you a kickback of $15,000 and a bonus of $10,000 (for furniture or a vacation or anything remotely like that). That is commonly called mortgage fraud.

The title company has a responsibility to be sure that there are no components of the closing which are in violation of the law. The title company can not be responsible for what the parties agreed to if it is not in the contract and not part of the closing instructions sent over from the lender. One of the requirements for a legal closing is that there be no “undisclosed” exchange of funds, such as kickbacks from the seller to entice you to buy.

All funds which are to exchange hands between any of the parties associated with the transaction are to be included on the HUD-1 document. It is against the law in most places for someone to pay you a rebate and a bonus to get you to buy the home they built. (I know the car companies did it, but look at them now. Apparently their guidelines are a bit more lax than real estate transactions and look at where it got them.)  

The HUD-1 is the official record of the transaction and anything which cannot appear on it usually is suspect.  In fact, fairly often during the last several years, what is on the HUD-1 frequently could stand a little more scrutiny.

I’m a grown-up so I know that what you described was not uncommon practice during the past 4-5 years in some of the hottest markets in the country. Wild construction growth, wild deals, wild foreclosures now. I am familiar with parking lot exchanges and promissory notes and gifts, rebates and bonuses which cannot appear on the HUD. Property values are falling in markets like California and Florida where I live like parachutes, in part, because one of the components of speculative building was to build in ‘extras’ such as the two things you asked about. The country is experiencing both a market correction to more realistic value for homes but also a major part of the problem was that the loans covered more than the piece of real estate, if you get my drift.

What should you do?  Enjoy your new home and try to keep up the payments. You got took!

Copyright © 2008, Home Ownership Matters, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

(Please E-mail Heather at homeownershipmatters@gmail.com with any questions, comments or concerns you might have! We appreciate all comments and feedback, so please don't be shy.)